Old Man and The Sea Pdf Notes | Summary | Questions | Characters

ADP/BSc/BA English The Old Man and The Sea Pdf Notes | Summary | Questions | Characters are solved in this post as the most important topics. BSc English the Old Man and The Sea Pdf Notes are most important for the preparation of BA & ADP English Notes for Novel.

It is a complete analysis of old man and the sea Novel introduction and conclusion. These are very helpful ADP/BA/BSc notes to prepare ADP & BA English Novel according to the syllabus of PU (Punjab University), UOS (Sargodha University), BZU, UOG, GCU, and all other top Pakistani universities.

BSc & ADP Novel The Old Man & The Sea Important Questions

These BA/BSc/ADP notes cover the following topics;

How to Prepare Old Man and The Sea Theme, Characters & Summary Pdf Notes

We have provided you only the 15 most important questions and answers below. Basically, these are some (5-7) different topics. Every topic of the novel has different types of questions based on that particular topic.

But the special thing of these ADP/BA Novel Notes is that you will have to prepare only a single Multi-Answer for all the expected and important questions of a specific topic like; (For Example)

• FIGHT AGAINST SHARKS
• OPTIMISM
• SYMBOLISM
• THE OLD MAN
• Hero of The Novel
• Importance of A Hand Game
• The Fisherman is As Skilled
• The Old Man is a Thinker & Philosopher
• Old man’s love of thinking and talking to himself
• End of The Novel
• Tragic Hero
• MAJOR THEMES
• Writer’s Qualities of The Novel

The Old Man and The Sea Introduction by Ernest Hemingway

Introduction: –

The Old Man and the Sea, a short heroic novel by Ernest Hemingway, was published in 1952 and awarded the 1953 Pulitzer Prize for fiction. It was his last major work of fiction. The story centers on an aging fisherman who engages in an epic battle to catch a giant marlin.

The Old Man and The Sea Pdf Notes of Short Summary, Theme And Conclusion

The central character is an old Cuban fisherman named Santiago, who has not caught a fish for 84 days. The family of his apprentice, Manolin, has forced the boy to leave the old fisherman, though Manolin continues to support him with food and bait.

Santiago is a mentor to the boy, who cherishes the old man and the life lessons he imparts. Convinced that his luck must change, Santiago takes his skiff far out into the deep waters of the Gulf Stream, where he soon hooks a giant marlin. With all his great experience and strength, he struggles with the fish for three days, admiring its strength, dignity, and faithfulness to its identity; its destiny is as true as Santiago’s as a fisherman. He finally reels the marlin in and lashes it to his boat.

However, Santiago’s exhausting effort goes for naught. Sharks are drawn to the tethered marlin, and, although Santiago manages to kill a few, the sharks eat the fish, leaving behind only its skeleton. After returning to the harbour, the discouraged Santiago goes to his home to sleep. In the meantime, others see the skeleton tied to his boat and are amazed. A concerned Manolin is relieved to find Santiago alive, and the two agree to go fishing together.

The Old Man and The Sea Pdf Notes in Urdu free download

The Old Man and The Sea Characters List & Introduction

• Old Man and The Sea Pdf Notes for Novel Character Santiago

The old man of the novella’s title, Santiago is a Cuban fisherman who has had an extended run of bad luck. Despite his expertise, he has been unable to catch a fish for eighty-four days. He is humble, yet exhibits a justified pride in his abilities. His knowledge of the sea and its creatures, and of his craft, is unparalleled and helps him preserve a sense of hope regardless of circumstance. Throughout his life, Santiago has been presented with contests to test his strength and endurance. The marlin with which he struggles for three days represents his greatest challenge. Paradoxically, although Santiago ultimately loses the fish, the marlin is also his greatest victory.

• The Novel Character Santiago in Urdu

• Old Man and The Sea Pdf Notes for Novel Character The Marlin

Santiago hooks the marlin, which we learn at the end of the novella measures eighteen feet, on the first afternoon of his fishing expedition. Because of the marlin’s great size, Santiago is unable to pull the fish in, and the two become engaged in a kind of tug-of-war that often seems more like an alliance than a struggle. The fishing line serves as a symbol of the fraternal connection Santiago feels with the fish. When the captured marlin is later destroyed by sharks, Santiago feels destroyed as well. Like Santiago, the marlin is implicitly compared to Christ.

• The Novel Character Marlin in Urdu

• Old Man and The Sea Pdf Notes for the Novel Character Manolin

A boy presumably in his adolescence Manolin is Santiago’s apprentice and devoted attendant. The old man first took him out on a boat when he was merely five years old. Due to Santiago’s recent bad luck, Manolin’s parents have forced the boy to go out on a different fishing boat. Manolin, however, still cares deeply for the old man, to whom he continues to look as a mentor. His love for Santiago is unmistakable as the two discuss baseball and as the young boy recruits help from villagers to improve the old man’s impoverished conditions.

• The Novel Character Manolin in Urdu

• Old Man and The Sea Pdf Notes for the Novel Character Joe DiMaggio

Although DiMaggio never appears in the novel, he plays a significant role nonetheless. Santiago worships him as a model of strength and commitment, and his thoughts turn toward DiMaggio whenever he needs to reassure himself of his strength. Despite a painful bone spur that might have crippled another player, DiMaggio went on to secure a triumphant career. He was a center fielder for the New York Yankees from 1936 to 1951 and is often considered the best all-around player ever at that position.

• The Novel Character Joe DiMaggio in Urdu

• Old Man and The Sea Pdf Notes for the Novel Character Perico

Perico, the reader assumes, owns the bodega in Santiago’s village. He never appears in the novel, but he serves an important role in the fisherman’s life by providing him with newspapers that report the baseball scores. This act establishes him as a kind man who helps the aging Santiago.

• The Novel Character Perico in Urdu

• Old Man and The Sea Pdf Notes for the Novel Character Martin

Like Perico, Martin, a café owner in Santiago’s village, does not appear in the story. The reader learns of him through Manolin, who often goes to Martin for Santiago’s supper. As the old man says, Martin is a man of frequent kindness who deserves to be repaid.

• The Novel Character Martin in Urdu

Q.1

Most Expected & Important Questions About MARLIN

Most of the following Questions related to Novel Character Marlin are taken from the past papers of different universities and the experts guide books.

1. Brief description of the Old’s search for fish.  How was he able to hook the Marlin? 
2. The biggest fish is the biggest challenge. Elaborate.  
3. The fish is a symbol of the ideal life of the Old man. Discuss. 
4. Describe the Old man’s struggle with the Marlin  How far do skill at the resolution of the Old man count in his struggle against the big fish? 
5. How does the Marlin fight back against the old Man? 
6. Why did Santiago feel that the fish was killing him?
7. “The big fish is Santiago’s friend and enemy at the same time”. Discuss.  
8. Fish I love you and respect you very much. But I will kill you before this day ends. Discuss.  
9. What is the remark: “Come and kill me” I don’t care who kills who signify?  
10. What does the Old man say when he says “Come and kill me; I don’t care who kills who”?  
11. The Old Man fights against the Marlin to the very end without being despairing. Comment.  
12. The fight the Old Man was fighting with the fish must win. His life was upon it. Discuss.  
13. Discuss Marlin as a character.  
14. The fish is a living character with intention and contention. Discuss.  
15. Why did Santiago feel that the fish was killing him?  
16. The Old Man in his struggle against the Marlin does get despaired beautifully that would be worse than death. Comment.

A Single Multi-Answer For All Questions About Marlin

(You Can Write This Answer For Any Question, Mentioned Above)

On the 85th day, the old man in his small skiff went out far into the deep sea with new courage. He baited well and waited well. He searched for his aim, his ideal, his repute, his bread, his friend, his enemy, and his luck like a fish. At last, at noon his stick jerked. His “aim” was to struggle against his effort at the depth of a hundred fathoms. He let his courage rise with the dangerous side of the fish. Now he was ready to suffer from the biggest challenge of the fish. 

For two days and two nights, the fish kept on pulling the old man northward and eastward. During this trial, he showed best and surprising determination, professional skills, and responses against the attack of the fish. He said, “Fish, I will stay with you until I am dead”, “Fish, I love you and respect you very much. But I will kill you before this day ends”And “Come and kill me; I don’t care who kills who?” 

He considered Marlin a loving friend as well as a bitter enemy who was killing him through injury, tiredness, hunger, and continuous crushing trail. Marlin emerged to him like a life-size competitive with intention and contention. But the American “Ancient Mariner” of Hemingway was aware of the fact that his life and honour were total up victory.  

Q.2

Most Expected & Important Questions About The FIGHT AGAINST SHARKS

Most of the following questions related to the FIGHT AGAINST SHARKS are taken from the past papers of different universities and the experts guide books.

1. Of all the challenges faced by the old man, fighting against the sharks is the greatest. Discuss.  
2. Which is the greater challenge of the old man. Struggle with the Big Fish Fight Against the sharks? Which is your opinion is the greater trail of the Old Man? Elaborate.  
3. Is it more difficult to retain a thing in American society than to obtain the same? Discuss. 
4. Fight against the sharks is the real test of the Old Man’s mettle. Elaborate.  
5. Elaborate Santiago’s struggle against the sharks to save the Marlin.  
6. Santiago’s marvelous fight with sharks.  Discuss the Old man’s fight with the sharks. Was he successful in his mission?  
7. “A man can be destroyed, But Not Defeated”. How does Santiago come up with these remarks?   
8. “A man can be destroyed, But Not Defeated”. Discuss.  
9. “Man is not made for defeat” How does Santiago come up with these remarks?  
10. Sharks take away the meat but not the pride of the old man. Comment.  Give a brief account of the old man’s encounter with sharks?

A Single Multi-Answer For All Questions About Fight Against Sharks

(You Can Write This Answer For Any Question, Mentioned Above)

  After hooking the “aim” of his life, it was a biting challenge for him to preserve and protect it from ugly sharks. It was a tough trail, a true trail and tearing trail of his mettle. Because to get aim is not glory but not to retain and maintain it, is and that is the true tune of American society.

Only an hour later a big shark Mako came after the blood smell of the Marlin. As the Mako appeared on the side, Santiago drove the harpoon into his brain. He killed the shark, but it took away with him fifty pounds of Marlin’s flesh and harpoon as well. The old man feared that Marlin’s blood would attract sharks, but he consoled himself by saying “Man is not made for defeat. A man can be destroyed but not defeated”.   

Hardly two hours later, he saw two gallons. He tied the knife with an oar as an alternative to his harpoon. He killed them well but they had taken away 1/4th of Marlin’s meat. After that came another pig like a shark. It was also killed by an old man. Its killing had broken the blade of his knife. Now he was in a weaponless condition. He said, “I will try as long as  I have the oars, the short club, the tiller, and the gaff”, “And pain does not matter to a man”.

Just before the sunset, the fifth and sixth shark came and an old man clubbed them to death. He said, “I will fight them until I die”. At night sharks came in packs. Some of them were killed. One caught his club and was gone. He fought with the tiller. The tiller was broken and gone. During the night some sharks came but he ignored them and sailed on.  

The old man loses the battle he has won. But he has won. But he is undefeated and full of pride. His fight with the sharks, with insufficient equipment, is splendid, why and venerable.

Q.3

Most Expected & Important Questions About OPTIMISM In The Novel

Most of the following questions related to Novel Optimism are taken from the past papers of different universities and the experts’ guide books.

1. What lesson do you learn from Santiago’s character?  Discuss the element of hope in the novel “The old man and the sea”?  
2. “Every day is a new day, ” says Santiago. Comment?  
3. Write a note on the optimism of Santiago.  
4. What do you know about the old man’s optimism?  
5. How does the old man react when his left hand develops a cramp? 
6. What is the significance of “Every day is a new day”.(2015, 2014, 2013)

A Single Multi-Answer For All Questions About Optimism

(You Can Write This Answer For Any Question, Mentioned Above)

“Winner gains nothing”. It is a pessimistic view. “And winning isn’t everything, but wanting to win is”. It is an energetic and optimistic view.

From this angle, the novel is full of hope, wish, trust and faith. And the first qualification of the old man is hopefulness. He is the beacon of hope in the pitch of difficulties. He knows, “Losing hope is losing faith and when faith is lost everything is lost” and “Every day is a new day”. After passing 84 days without fish he hopefully said, “85 is a lucky number. How would you like to see me bring one in that is over a thousand pounds”.

He is an optimist, but he is an optimist who carries all weapons. When the sharks attacked Marlin and his left hand became cramped he reacted gallantly. He curses it for betraying him. He said, “It is not bad. And pain does not matter to a man”. Pessimism was a bedrestsharks that the old man never could allow himself. He said, “But man is not made for defeat”. And “A man can be destroyed but not defeated”.   

Like a new day, the novel gives us new courage with a new aim. “Hope for the best but prepare yourself for the rest”.

Q.4

Most Expected & Important Questions About SYMBOLISM

Most of the following questions related to Novel Symbolism are taken from the past papers of different universities and the experts’ guide books.

The Old Man, as symbolic character and Symbolism

1. Elaborate “The Old Man and The Sea” is a symbolic novel. 
2.  Elaborate “The Old Man and The Sea” what set of novels.  
3. Trace some of the symbols employed by Hemingway in his novel. 
4. What is the symbolic purpose of Manolin, DiMaggio, and lions in the novel?
5.  Elaborate “The Old Man” is a symbolic character.

MANOLIN, as symbolic character and Symbolism

1. Draw a character sketch of Manolin in your own words.  
2. Manolin is a parable of an old man’s youth and age, discussed.  
3. How would you describe Santiago’s relationship with the boy?  
4. The Old man looks upon Manolin as not only his apprentice but also his friend and his equal. Elaborate. 
5. How does Manolin express his love for the old man?  
6. What is the significance of Manolin in the novel?  
7. “I wish I had the boy” Elaborate.

The Sea, as symbolic character and Symbolism

1.  Ocean as a living character is shaping the other characters.  
2. Draw the character – sketch of the sea.  
3. What is the role of the sea in the novel?  
4. The ocean in the sea is a living character. Discuss.  
5. Sea is as good a character as any other in the novel. Elaborate.  Elaborate “The Sea” is a symbolic character.

MARLIN, as symbolic character and Symbolism

1. What is the symbolic significance of Marlin?  
2. Elaborate “Marlin” is a symbolic character.

Baseball & DiMaggio, as symbolic character and Symbolism

1. What is the significance of baseball? 
2. What are the qualities of DiMaggio that the old man eulogizes? Elaborate.  
3. Compare and contact Santiago with DiMaggio as a hero.

DREAM & LIONS, as symbolic character and Symbolism

• What is the significance of lions in this heroic novel?  
• Are lions too parable of youth and age of the old man?  
• What does the old man dream about? 
• What does that dream signify? 

[Select the suitable material to meet the desirable question from the given below Answer with common sense.]

A Single Multi-Answer For All Questions About Symbolism;

Symbolism means an artistic method of revealing ideas, feeling truths through the use of symbolic images. In the light of this definition, we can call “The old man and the Sea” a symbolic novel. In this novel, persons, things and events suggest something to me. 

The old man is the striking symbol of a spirit’s struggle for survival. This spirit conflicts with the face of nature. This struggling spirit is universal. All men have an old man in themselves. Like old men, everyone is fighting against natural blows like death, diseases, poverty, luck,  frailty, and uncertainty of life. Man is great because of his courage, endurance, and power of stay. The stubborn old man becomes the mouthpiece of all men to challenge the shark-like hardship when he declares;

“And pain does not matter to a man.”

“But man is not made for defeat.”

“A man can be destroyed but not defeated.”

The Old Man and The Sea quotes by The Old Man

No doubt Santiago is echoing and reminding all that we will bring a skeleton if not flesh and blood with it. This skeleton is enough to confirm our vice city that we have struggled hard to make the world with living. And sometimes the old man is just an old man. 

Manolin is a striking symbol of strength, stimulation, soul, smoothness, student, self-confidence, hope, love, and youth. Everyone is in need of Manolin like the frail body of an old man. Whenever the old man is trapped in trouble, Manolin emerged as a parable of his youth and age;

“I wish the boy were here.”

“I wish I had a boy.”

The Old Man and The Sea quotes by Manolin

The great Manolin is not only his loyal student but also his best friend in his hard times. He used to help him in his fishing arrangements, bring him small fish and carry the fishing gear. He used to share coffee, beer, and bread.

In the end when the old man complains about his bad luck: “No. I am not lucky. I am not lucky anymore.” Manolin becomes a message of youthful hope by saying; “The hell with luck I will bring luck with me.” This makes the old man again an adventurous lion.

The sea is the symbol of life. Both are mystic and both are clear. Both are sympathetic and both are cruel. Both are deep and both are shallow. Both are attractive and both are challenging. Both have sorrows and both have joys. Like all human beings, the old man seeks both moods. And he is aware of the fact that the tough sea makes skillful sails. 

The sea plays an important role; it influences Santiago, the boy, the Marlin, and the sharks. The sea supplies livelihood to Santiago and other fishermen, “It will supply food to him and many other people”. The sea is also the symbol of the powerful force of nature. Everyone, like an old man, is fighting against it. The old man is hopeful instead of its cruelty and considers it a female ‘La mar’ who withholds great favors as well as hardships while other young fishermen consider it a male ‘el Mar. But we know that like life, its cold is black, it stands for mourning and sorrow. 

Marlin is the symbol of aim, ideal, repute, bread, friend, luck, and enemy. So, Marlin is a thing for which a man is ready to show his best and surprising determination and professional skills. As the old man he is ready to take the risk of his life:

“Fish, I will stay with you until I am dead”, “Fish, I love you and respect you very much. But I will kill you before this day ends”. And “Come and kill me, I don’t care who kills who?”

The Old Man and The Sea quotes by Santiago (Old Man) About Marlin

Like Marlin, aim also attacks man through injury, tiredness, hunger, and continuous trial. It is a life-size competition with intention and contention.

Baseball is the symbol of a system of skills to live and fight in the wild. Skills are the glory of man. Without skills, there is beat and boredom. The interest in baseball teaches the old man that the people who are remembered are the winners.

DiMaggio, a great champion of baseball, is a symbol of skill-packed expert energy, endurance, inspiration, and victory. Like DiMaggio, now the old man is the champion of fishing. The old man is resolute to fight with sharks despite his cramped hand as DiMaggio is resolute to play despite his knifed heel. Like all human beings, he mostly remembers his “god of endurance” when his wings start to shrink.

Lions in dreams are the symbol of vitality, vig, control, supremacy, freedom, muscle, pride, and power. He dreamed of them freely playing “like young cats” on some African sheep. The sub-vision of their claws shifts vital strength in his dead hands. They provide him with an additional stimulus. In his old age “He loved them as he loved the boy” because both are parables of his youth and age.

Everything in the novel is symbolic and connected. The whole novel is a true symbolic reflection of man’s life on the green-blue brown earth.

Q.5

Most Expected & Important Questions About Santiago, THE OLD MAN

Most of the following questions related to the Novel Character Santiago, The Old Man, are taken from the past papers of different universities and the experts’ guide books.

1. Give a graphic pen picture of the old man how he looked like? 
2.  Everything about him was old. Except for his eyes and they were cheerful and undefeated. Discuss.  “There are many good fishermen and some great ones. But there is only you”. In the light of the above remarks give an estimate of Santiago.  
3. Describe an old man’s poverty and lack of resources.  
4. Discuss those qualities of the old man which help him to succeed in his mission.  
5. The old man is, by all means, an extraordinary fisherman. Elaborate. 
6. Write a note on the heroic spirit of the old man.  
7. What are Santiago’s pillars of success?  
8. Why does Santiago not mind the derogatory remarks of other fishermen on the terrace?  
9. What were the old man’s interests besides fishing? 

A Single Multi-Answer For All Questions About Marlin

Santiago is an old but bold fisherman. His sunburn face, neck, and head were as brown and wrinkled as the poverty of his hut. He was poor in his living and physical strength. But his blue brave burning eyes in his face were as bright as the burning bright hope in his hut. This is the hope which makes him different from the other fishermen i.e. Manolin said,

“There are many good fishermen and some great ones. But there is only you”. 

The Old Man and The Sea quotes by Manolin

He has nothing to earn, nothing to eat, nothing to wear but owes no man hate, envy no man’s happiness, glad of other men’s good that is his jewel a good bank account. So, he does not mind the insulting remarks of other fishermen on the terrace when they declare him “Salao”. He owes heroic qualities i.e. he was expert, philosophical, passionate, and humous. Besides he has all the interest which Hemingway owes e.g. baseball, news, hand wrestling and lottery. These pillars make him a multi-talented max and goal winner.

Q.6

1. Santiago is a code hero from neck down to neck up, discuss.  
2. Hero of the novel a true code hero?

Ans: –

A code hero is a person who has an apt system of life that can be followed by others without any prejudice. Santiago is a Tarzan who seems to walk on wings and tread in the air.  

Santiago is an old but bold fisherman. His sunburn face, neck, and head were as brown and wrinkled as the poverty of his hut. He was poor in his living and physical strength. But his blue brave burning eyes in his face were as bright as the burning bright hope in his hut. This is the hope which makes him different from the other fishermen i.e. Manolin said, “There are many good fishermen and some great ones. But there is only you”. 

He has nothing to earn, nothing to eat, nothing to wear but owes no man hate, envy no man’s happiness, glad of other men’s good that is his jewel a good bank account. So, he does not mind the insulting remarks of other fishermen on the terrace when they declare him “Salao”. He owes heroic qualities i.e. he was expert, philosophical, passionate, and humous. Besides he has all the interest which Hemingway owes e.g. baseball, news, hand wrestling and lottery. These pillars make him a multi-talented max and goal winner.

Q.7

1. Write a note on the loneliness of the old man?  
2. “Loneliness is frightening”.  Discuss with reference to the novel.  
3. “No one should be alone in this old age”, says Santiago. Elaborate.  
4. Isolation can be destructive. How does the old man combat it in the novel? 
5.  Elaborate on Santiago’s strategies to confront loneliness. (2013, 2013 G, II, 2015, 2017)

Ans: – 

Santiago is an old but bold fisherman. His sunburn face, neck, and head were as brown and wrinkled as the poverty of his hut. He was poor in his living and physical strength. But his blue brave burning eyes in his face were as bright as the burning bright hope in his hut. This is the hope which makes him different from the other fishermen i.e. Manolin said, “There are many good fishermen and some great ones. But there is only you”.   

Santiago is leading a life of total loneliness. The Manolin has been taken away from him and he has no radio to bring him baseball music. He has put the snap of his wife under his clean shirt in the corner because it makes him too lonely. During his heroic struggle, in the sea, he fought his war in complete loneliness. He was alone, but he was alone like a god, separate from the common crowd, in the company of greater godly ideas. Hemingway wants to convey from his loneliness that man has to struggle alone in the sea of life.

Q.8

Old Man and The Sea Pdf Notes for Important Questions About the hand game competition

• What is the importance of a hand game with negro?  
• Narrate the hand game competition held between Santiago and the Negro.  
• Write a note on the hand game competition between Santiago and the Negro?

Ans: –

The update Santiago is a Tarzan who seems to walk on wings and tread in the air. During his great struggle, when his left hand was injured, he recalled memories of his young days in der to build confidence in him. Like the sunset, he remembered the time in the public house at Casablanca where he had played the hand game with the great Negro. The trial of strength between the Negro and Santiago lasted f one day and one night. There were many spectators. The room was lit by kerosene oil lamps. They exerted all their strength. People served the Negro rum and lighted cigarettes f him. At last, the old man released all his strength and forced the hand of the Negro down. Now Santiago was the champion. The thought of hand wrestling competition with the Negro also serves him as a source of inspiration.  

Q.9

• His expertise is his vitality. Discuss.  
• No other fisherman is as skilled and as perfect in fishing as the old man. Discuss?

Ans: –

Santiago is an old but bold fisherman. His sunburn face, neck, and head were as brown and wrinkled as the poverty of his hut. He was poor in his living and physical strength. But his blue brave burning eyes in his face were as bright as the burning bright hope in his hut. This is the hope which makes him different from the other fishermen i.e. Manolin said, “There are many good fishermen and some great ones. But there is only you”.   

The rough seas and the tough times make the old man a skillful sail. He is quite familiar with the weather and the moods of the sea. He is one of the very few people who stand in no need of the usual apparatus like a compass or a wireless set of guidance. He can assume his position in any part of the sea with the help of trade wind. When the fish drags him into the high seas, “Fish, I will stay with you until I am dead”. He handled the Marlin first-class. He resisted the attacks of sharks well. He was an expert doctor of fishing.  

Q.10

• The Old man was a strange old man. Discuss?  
• The old man is positively different from other fishermen. Elaborate.  
• How is the Old man different from the other fishermen?

Ans: – 

Santiago is an old but bold fisherman. His sunburn face, neck, and head were as brown and wrinkled as the poverty of his hut. He was poor in his living and physical strength. But his blue brave burning eyes in his face were as bright as the burning bright hope in his hut. This is the hope which makes him different from the other fishermen i.e. Manolin said, “There are many good fishermen and some great ones. But there is only you”. 

Santiago tells the boy Manolin that he is a strange old man. He is different from other fishermen because of many things. He had been catching turtles when young but his eyesight has not been affected. During his fight with the Marlin, the old man’s left hand is cramped. He curses it for betraying him.

He has nothing to earn, nothing to eat, nothing to wear but owes no man hate, envy no man’s happiness, glad of other men’s good that is his jewel, a good bank account. So, he does not mind the insulting remarks of other fishermen on the terrace when they declare him “Salao”. He owes heroic qualities i.e. he was expert, philosophical, passionate, and humous. Besides he has all the interest which Hemingway owes e.g. baseball, news, hand wrestling and lottery. These pillars make him a multi-talented max and goal winner.

Q.11

• The old man is philosophical in the soul, Discuss.  
• “The old man is a thinker” in his right comment.

Ans:-

Santiago is an old but bold fisherman. His sunburn face, neck, and head were as brown and wrinkled as the poverty of his hut. He was poor in his living and physical strength. But his blue brave burning eyes in his face were as bright as the burning bright hope in his hut. This is the hope which makes him different from the other fishermen i.e. Manolin said, “There are many good fishermen and some great ones. But there is only you”. 

He is highly philosophical. Unlike other fishermen, he is a man of ideas. He is fully aware of the results of good and bad deeds. During his fight with the big Marlin, he prays to Mary in his own way. He at first thinks of killing the Marlin a lot, but later, he justifies it as a professional actor. He makes the philosophical remarks, “Everything kills everything else in some way”. The old man has his typical views about the sea. He always thinks of the sea as ‘La mar’ while other young ones consider ‘el man’.

Q.12

• Discuss, the old man keeps passions of love for others.

Ans: –

 Santiago is an old but bold fisherman. His sunburn face, neck, and head were as brown and wrinkled as the poverty of his hut. He was poor in his living and physical strength. But his blue brave burning eyes in his face were as bright as the burning bright hope in his hut. This is the hope which makes him different from the other fishermen i.e. Manolin said, “There are many good fishermen and some great ones. But there is only you”. 

The old man is kind-hearted and loving by nature. His behavior with the boy indicates his frank love as once he said, “It is between the fishermen”. He still has an aching center in his loving heart of his dead wife. He loves the birds that could not catch any fish. He invites a bird to take a rest in his skiff. He thinks that fish are man’s brothers. He feels sorry for the huge Marlin when he was trying to beat it. He owes no man hate, envy no man’s happiness, glad of other men’s good that is his jewel, a good bank account.

Q.13

Most Expected & Important Questions About the Soliloquy of the old man

• Write a note on an old man’s love of thinking and talking to himself.  
• How did Santiago remove his loneliness?  Whom does the old man talk to on the sea, and why? 
• Discuss the use of Soliloquy in “The old man and the sea”.  
• Discuss the Soliloquy of the old man.  
• Discuss the use and importance of monologue in “The old man and the sea”.

Ans: –

A soliloquy is an act of speaking in loneliness to reveal the inner thoughts to the reader. During his adventure, the old man talks to himself. His dialogues about the fish, other creatures of the sea, and the boy reveal to us a lot about his character, temperament, and nature. We come to know that the old man is an embodiment of conference, courage, kindness, and endurance.

The writer has introduced this device of soliloquy for three reasons: Firstly, the old man talks to himself to support his sense of helplessness and sorrow. In his fight with the shark, he consoled himself by saying “Man is not made for defeat. A man can be destroyed but not defeated “.And pain does not matter to a man”. He said; “I will try as long as I have the oars, the short club, the tiller, and the gaff”. Secondly, he needs company to overcome the fear of his foe. He said “I wish the boy were here”. And “I wish I could handle the boy”.Thirdly, his loud thinking and dialogue are a running commentary on the external action.

Q.14

• The old man is a man of mal principles, Discuss.  
• Old man not superstitious, Discuss.  
• Was the old man a truly religious person?  
• Old man, not a true Christian, Discuss.  
• The old man was a superstitious person, Discuss. Is Santiago a superstitious man? (1995, 1996, 2011)

Ans: –

The old man is a fisherman with a set pattern of habits and mal principles. His approach toward life is realistic and reflects common sense. He is always ready to hug the hardships of life with all the might of mind and with all the frankness of the wild.

It is a hotbed of discussion to decide whether the old man was a superstitious person,  or whether he was a true Christian a non-religious person.

The other fisherman called him ‘Salao’. The old man does not believe in this superstitious view. On the other hand, in the beginning, he gives superstitious remarks, “85 is a lucky number”. He also wanted to purchase a rifle ticket of ’85’ number. His practical fight against the Marlin and sharks is evidence of his being non-superstitious. But before hooking the Marlin, he was superstitious that he would say, “Our fathers and Hail’s” as well as he rejected the idea and said, “consider them said”.

Marvels, miracles, wonders, superstitions, and sins are the mysteries of religion. The idea of sin enters into his mind after killing the big Marlin. But later on, he satisfies himself by saying, “After all San Pedro was a fisherman, and who would accuse him of sin”. Then he admits that he does not know religion sin. And at the end, he declared him superstitious when he said: “No. I am not lucky. I am not lucky anymore”.

The conclusion is that the old man is just a conscience keeping a credulous person who never heeds to such matters seriously in his lifestyle.

Q.15

• Who were the old man’s companions that he always talked to?

Ans: – 

The old man talks to many solid and supposed companies before, during and after his struggle:

(1): – To Manolin: “It is between the fishermen”, “No. I am not lucky. I am not lucky anymore”.

The Old Man and The Sea quotes About Manolin

(2): – To Marlin: He said, “Fish, I will stay with you until I am dead”, “Fish, I love you and respect you very much. But I will kill you before this day ends.” And “Come and kill me” I don’t care who kills who?” And “It will supply food to him and, many other people ”.

The Old Man and The Sea Pdf Notes for quotes About Marlin

(3): – To Sharks: “Go and see your friend, maybe it’s your mother”.

The Old Man and The Sea quotes About Sharks

(4): – To bird: “What the birds are coming to”.

The Old Man and The Sea talking to To bird

(5): – To Agua: “You were”

The Old Man and The Sea talking to Agua

(6): – To his hand: “And pain does not matter to a man”.

The Old Man and The Sea talking to his hand

(7): – “To himself: “But man is not made for defeat”, “A man can be destroyed but not defeated”, “I wish the boy were here”, “I wish I had the boy” He promises to say, “Our Fathers and Hail Mary’s” as well as he remarks “consider them said”. And “You talk too much, old man”.

Old Man and The Sea Pdf Notes for talking to his himself

Q.16

Most Expected & Important Questions End of The Old Man

• At the end of the novel, only a skeleton of the fish is left. Elaborate. 
•  The theme of victory and defeat is embedded in the sty. Explain.  
• Discuss the ending of the novel.  
• What were Santiago’s views about his failure?  
• How would you justify the ending of the novel ‘The old man and the sea’?  
• What was the reaction of other fishermen and the tourists when they saw the skeleton of the Marlin tied to the Old Man’s skiff?  
• What type of impression do you seek from the end of the novel?  
• Is it a novel of the triumph of man and his defeat?  
• What message do you get from the novel, “The Old Man And The Sea”? (2012, 2013, 2011, 2010, 2009, 2016)

Ans: –

By the time he reaches his home town Havana there is nothing left of the big fish except its skeleton. Although the skeleton of giant Marlin is the evidence of his being a Salao, it is also the proof of his great struggle and great scuffle with brutal sharks. The old man loses the battle he has won. But he is undefeated. His fight with the sharks, with insufficient equipment, is splendid, why and venerable. 

Other fishermen and tourists are wonderstruck to see the giant size skeleton. The owner of the Terrace said that never had such a huge fish been seen as hooked by Santiago. The boy, Manolin, is also happy. In the end when the old man complains about his bad luck “No. I am not lucky. I am not lucky anymore”. Manolin becomes a message of hope by saying; “The hell with luck I will bring luck with me”. This makes the old man again an adventurous lion.

No doubt Santiago loses the Marlin but he succeeds in getting his professional ability acknowledged by all fishermen and the tourists. In the end, it seems that the old man has gotten his end: He proved himself a god of struggle.

Q.17

• Discuss Santiago as a Christ figure.   Is Santiago a Tragic Hero?

Ans: –

By the time he reaches his home town Havana there is nothing left of the big fish except its own skeleton. Although the skeleton of giant Marlin is the evidence of his being a Salao, it is also the proof of his great struggle and great scuffle with brutal sharks. The old man loses the battle he has won. 

The old man loses the battle against his enemy, the big Marlin, and brutal sharks, and stands defeated. The cruel objects of nature crucify the soul of the old man, injure his body, dry him, wither him, shrink him, shrink him up like an old shrunken apple. He looks quite tragic and pitiable. At the end of the novel, he lies on his bed “with his arms straight out and the palms of his hands up” which reminds us of the sty of Jesus Christ. He is like Christ crucified. The closing stages of the novel are no doubt tragic but the last lines are gloomy and pessimistic.

Q.18

Most Expected & Important Questions MAJOR THEMES of Old Man and The Sea Pdf Notes for

• What are in your view, the qualities of the novel?  
• What different themes are discussed in the novel?  
• What different themes are discussed in the novel?  
• Discuss the major themes of the novel “The Old Man And The Sea”? (2010, 09, 11) 

Ans: –

The novel is stewed with the qualities of themes. Everything in the novel is symbolic and connected. The whole novel is a true symbolic reflection of man’s life on the green-blue brown earth. “And winning is not everything, but wanting to win is’ ‘. It is an energetic and optimistic message in the novel. After hooking the “aim” of his life, it was a biting challenge for him to preserve and protect it from ugly sharks. It was a tough trail, a true trail and tearing trail of his mettle. Because to get aim is not gly but not to retain and maintain it, is and that is the true tune of American society. By the time he reaches his home town Havana there is nothing left of the big fish except its own skeleton. Although the skeleton of giant Marlin is the evidence of his being a Salao, it is also the proof of his great struggle and great scuffle with brutal sharks. The old man loses the battle he has won. But he is undefeated. His fight with the sharks, with insufficient equipment, is splendid, why and venerable. Like a new day, the novel gives us new courage with a new aim. “Hope for the best but prepare yourself for the rest”. The conclusion is that the old man is just a conscience keeping a credulous person who believes only in struggle. And “Continuous struggle” is the center of the Nobel Novel.

• Write a note on Old Man’s dreams.  
• Do the dreams have any significance to the character in the novel?  
• Write a note about the importance of dreaming in the text.  
• What does the old man dream about?  
• What does the dream signify?  Discuss the significance of the old man’s dream. (2009, 14, 15, 17) 

Ans: –  

Both in his bed in the village and his boat, Santiago dreams of lions on the beaches of Africa, which he saw when he was a boy on a ship that sailed and fished the coast of Africa. The lions symbolize Santiago’s lost youth as well as his pride (a group of lions is called a “pride”). Santiago’s love for the lions, which are fierce predators, also mirrors his relationship with the marlin, whom he loves but whose death he feels is necessary to his survival. In this way, the lions also symbolize Santiago’s affinity with nature. Now that Santiago is no longer young, and has lost his friends, family, and strength, he sees the lions only in his dreams. Santiago’s dreams of the lions at the end of the novella suggest that in triumphing over the marlin, he has undergone his own rejuvenation.

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